Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaswishi ahlukanisayo, umgomo wama-vacuum circuit breaker uhlukile kulowo wezinto ezivunguza kazibuthe. Ayikho i-dielectric ku-vacuum, okwenza i-arc icishe ngokushesha. Ngakho, izindawo zokuxhumana zedatha eziguquguqukayo nezimile zeswishi yokunqamula azihlukani kakhulu. Ukushintsha kokuhlukanisa ngokuvamile kusetshenziselwa imishini yobunjiniyela bamandla ekucubunguleni izitshalo ezinama-voltage akalwe aphansi! Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwesistimu yokuphakelwa kukagesi, ama-10kV vacuum circuit breaker akhiqizwe ngobuningi futhi asetshenziswa eShayina. Kubasebenzi bezokulungisa, sekuyinkinga ephuthumayo ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwama-vacuum circuit breakers, ukuqinisa ukunakekelwa, nokubenza basebenze ngokuphepha nangokwethembeka. Sithatha i-ZW27-12 njengesibonelo, iphepha lethula kafushane isimiso esiyisisekelo nokugcinwa kwe-vacuum circuit breaker.
1. Izakhiwo ze-insulation ze-vacuum.
I-vacuum inezici eziqinile zokuvikela. Ku-vacuum circuit breaker, umhwamuko mncane kakhulu, futhi ukuhlelwa kwe-stroke okungahleliwe kwesakhiwo sengqamuzana lomhwamuko kukhulu ngokuqhathaniswa, futhi amathuba okushayisana mancane. Ngakho-ke, umthelela ongahleliwe awusona isizathu esiyinhloko sokungena kwegebe le-vacuum, kodwa ngaphansi komphumela wokuqina okuphezulu kwenkambu ye-electrostatic, izinhlayiya zezinto zensimbi ezifakwe yi-electrode ziyisici esiyinhloko somonakalo wokufakelwa.
Amandla okucindezela kwe-dielectric esikhaleni se-vacuum awahlobene kuphela nosayizi wegebe kanye nebhalansi yensimu ye-electromagnetic, kodwa futhi athintwa kakhulu izici ze-electrode yensimbi kanye nezinga lesendlalelo esingaphezulu. Esikhaleni esincane sebanga (2-3mm), igebe levacuum linezindawo zokuvikela igesi enomfutho ophezulu kanye negesi ye-SF6, yingakho ibanga lokuvula lephoyinti lokuxhumana le-vacuum circuit breaker ngokuvamile lilincane.
Umthelela oqondile we-electrode yensimbi ku-voltage yokuwohloka ubonakala ngokuqondile kukuqina komthelela (amandla acindezelayo) wempahla eluhlaza kanye nendawo yokuncibilika yezinto zensimbi. Lapho amandla acindezelayo aphakeme kanye nephoyinti elincibilikayo, ayanda amandla okucindezela e-dielectric esiteji sikagesi ngaphansi kwe-vacuum.
Ukuhlola kubonisa ukuthi lapho inani le-vacuum liphakeme, i-voltage yokuphuka yegebe yegesi iphakama, kodwa ngokuyisisekelo ayishintshile ngaphezu kuka-10-4 Torr. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kugcinwe kangcono amandla acindezelayo we-vacuum magnetic ovuthela igumbi, i-vacuum degree akufanele ibe ngaphansi kuka-10-4 Torr.
2. Ukusungulwa kanye nokucisha i-arc ku-vacuum.
I-vacuum arc ihluke kakhulu kuzimo zokushaja nokukhipha i-arc yomhwamuko owufunde ngaphambili. Isimo esingahleliwe somhwamuko akuyona into eyinhloko ebangela i-arcing. Ukushaja kwe-arc ye-vacuum kanye nokukhipha kukhiqizwa kumhwamuko wensimbi ovuthululwe ngokuthinta i-electrode. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ubukhulu be-breaking current kanye nezici ze-arc nazo ziyahlukahluka. Ngokuvamile siyihlukanisa ibe i-vacuum arc yamanje ephansi kanye ne-arc ye-vacuum yamanje ephezulu.
1. I-arc encane ye-vacuum yamanje.
Lapho indawo yokuxhumana ivulwa ku-vacuum, izodala indawo yombala we-electrode engalungile lapho amandla amanje kanye ne-kinetic agxile kakhulu, futhi umhwamuko omningi wensimbi uzoshintshashintsha usuka endaweni yombala we-electrode engalungile. kwavutha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, umhwamuko wensimbi yensimbi kanye nezinhlayiya zikagesi kukholomu ye-arc ziyaqhubeka nokusabalala, futhi isiteji sikagesi siphinde siqhubeke senza izinhlayiya ezintsha zigcwale. Lapho i-current ewela i-zero, amandla e-kinetic we-arc ayancipha, izinga lokushisa le-electrode liyancipha, umphumela wangempela we-volatilization uyancipha, futhi ukuminyana kwenqwaba kukholomu ye-arc kuncipha. Ekugcineni, indawo ye-electrode engalungile iyancipha futhi i-arc iyacinywa.
Ngezinye izikhathi i-volatilization ayikwazi ukugcina izinga lokusabalalisa lekholomu ye-arc, futhi i-arc icime ngokuzumayo, okuholela ekubambeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-25-2022